Deserts and xeric shrublands form the largest terrestrial biome, covering about 19 percent of Earth's land surface, and receive on average less than 250 millimeters of rain a year with evaporation that outpaces rainfall. The biome is defined by woody-stemmed shrubs and other plants adapted to minimize water loss, ranging from the scorching Sahara to the cold-winter Gobi, with sharp swings between hot days and cold nights because of the lack of humidity and cloud cover. Its sparse, drought-resistant vegetation and ephemeral habitats support animal life equally adapted to extremes and to seasonal water availability.
Facts
Climate
Annual Precipitation (mm)Ecoregions of this habitat type usually receive less than 250mm of rain annually except at their margins; 200mm is a representative figure below that ceiling, not a single measured site. Typical High Temperature (C)45C is the daytime summer high Wikipedia gives for hot deserts generally (Sahara-type); this biome also covers cold deserts such as the Gobi, which never approach this heat, see the paired low figure cited to a separate source. Connections
Demonstrates
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Source Somalian slender mongoose (Wikipedia)
Source Steenbok (Wikipedia)
Source Stripe-faced dunnart (Wikipedia)
Source Stripe-necked mongoose (Wikipedia)
Source Tecoma stans (Wikipedia)
Source Tiger beetle - Wikipedia
Source Trident bat (Wikipedia)
Source Turkey Vulture (Wikipedia)
Source Verreaux's sifaka (Wikipedia)
Source White-footed sportive lemur (Wikipedia)
Source White-vented Violetear (Wikipedia)
Source Yellow mongoose (Wikipedia)
Source Zapata sparrow (Wikipedia)
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1. Xeric Shrubland (Wikipedia)
WikipediaArticle body, climate description paragraphQuote, Article body, climate description paragraph
Ecoregions in this habitat type vary greatly in the amount of annual rainfall they receive, usually less than 250 millimetres (10 in) annually except in the margins.
View the Source 2. Desert (Wikipedia)
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In hot deserts, the temperature during daytime can exceed 45 °C (113 °F) in summer and plunge below freezing point at night during winter.
View the Source Turkey Vulture (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationHome To: Turkey Vulture, Wikipedia 'Turkey vulture': inhabits subtropical forests, shrublands, pastures, and desertsView the Source Lesser Roadrunner (Wikipedia)
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It inhabits open ground areas, with scrub and thorny bushes.
View the Source Verreaux's sifaka (Wikipedia)
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dry deciduous forests of western Madagascar and the spiny thickets of the south
View the Source Zapata sparrow (Wikipedia)
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the duller eastern race T. i. sigmani frequents arid areas of thorn-scrub and cacti
View the Source Madagascar succulent woodlands (Wikipedia)
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The Madagascar succulent woodlands are a xeric shrublands ecoregion
View the Source Bushy-tailed mongoose (Wikipedia)
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The bushy-tailed mongoose inhabits foremost open shrubland and multilayered forest.
View the Source Yellow mongoose (Wikipedia)
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It lives in open country, semi-desert scrubland and grasslands in Angola, Botswana, South Africa, Namibia, and Zimbabwe.
View the Source Angolan slender mongoose (Wikipedia)
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This mongoose inhabits dry, rocky habitats
View the Source Cape gray mongoose (Wikipedia)
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It inhabits macchia-type vegetation (fynbos), semi-desert scrub (Karoo), thicket and forest.
View the Source Somalian slender mongoose (Wikipedia)
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It inhabits the dry areas across the region.
View the Source Selous's mongoose (Wikipedia)
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The Selous's mongoose lives primarily in open scrub and woodland.
View the Source Indian grey mongoose (Wikipedia)
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The grey mongoose inhabits open forests, scrublands and cultivated fields, often close to human habitation.
View the Source Ruddy mongoose (Wikipedia)
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The ruddy mongoose is found in forests and shrub lands in India and Sri Lanka.
View the Source Stripe-necked mongoose (Wikipedia)
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native to forests and shrublands from southern India to Sri Lanka
View the Source Jaliscan spiny pocket mouse (Wikipedia)
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It inhabits xerophytic areas and oak forest
View the Source Dama gazelle (Wikipedia)
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Its habitat includes grassland, shrubland, semi-deserts, open savanna and mountain plateaus.
View the Source Grant's gazelle (Wikipedia)
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Grant's gazelle prefer living on short, grassy plains where they can graze, but can also be found browsing and foraging in more sparse, arid scrublands; they avoid areas with excessively high, untrimmed grass with compromised visibility of predators.
View the Source Przewalski's gazelle (Wikipedia)
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It inhabits flat open valleys and steppeland between mountains, and the sand dunes and semi-desert zones around lakes.
View the Source Steenbok (Wikipedia)
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Steenbok live in a variety of habitats from semi-desert, such as the edge of the Kalahari Desert and Etosha National Park, to open woodland and thickets, including open plains, stony savannah, and Acacia-grassland mosaics.
View the Source Siberian ibex (Wikipedia)
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Their habitat consists of a mixture of high altitude steppe, alpine meadows, and regions of semidesert.
View the Source Salt's dik-dik (Wikipedia)
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Salt's dik-dik (Madoqua saltiana) is a small antelope found in semidesert, bushland, and thickets in the Horn of Africa, but marginally also in northern Kenya and eastern Sudan.
View the Source East African oryx (Wikipedia)
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It has two subspecies: the common beisa oryx (Oryx beisa beisa) found in steppe and semidesert throughout the Horn of Africa Somalia and north of the Tana River, and the fringe-eared oryx (Oryx beisa callotis) south of the Tana River in southern Kenya Somalia and parts of Tanzania.
View the Source Scimitar oryx (Wikipedia)
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The scimitar oryx once inhabited grassy steppes, semideserts and deserts in a narrow strip of central north Africa (especially in Niger and Chad).
View the Source Pygmy rabbit (Wikipedia)
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Pygmy rabbits are normally found in areas on deep soils with tall, dense sagebrush which they use for shelter and food.
View the Source Riverine rabbit (Wikipedia)
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lives among patches of thick vegetation in the Karoo of South Africa's Western and Northern Cape provinces
View the Source Black-tailed jackrabbit (Wikipedia)
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Black-tailed jackrabbits occupy mixed shrub-grassland terrains.
View the Source Desert warthog (Wikipedia)
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The habitat of the desert warthog is open, arid countryside including thin woodland with scattered trees, xerophytic scrubland, and sandy plains, but not upland areas.
View the Source Bolam's mouse (Wikipedia)
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It is found in a range of vegetation communities within the arid and semi-arid regions of Australia.
View the Source Petter's sportive lemur (Wikipedia)
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living in dry spiny forests and some gallery forests
View the Source White-footed sportive lemur (Wikipedia)
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inhabiting the southern subtropical or tropical dry shrubland
View the Source Lavasoa dwarf lemur (Wikipedia)
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Its habitat lies in a transitional zone between three ecoregions: dry spiny bush, humid littoral forest, and humid forest.
View the Source Mitchell's hopping mouse (Wikipedia)
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Typical habitat for N. mitchellii appears to be mallee shrublands on sandy dune systems.
View the Source GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Descriptions of Galago gallarum (Handbook of the Mammals of the World text)
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility)Home To: Somali bushbaby, HabitatQuote, Home To: Somali bushbaby, Habitat
Semi-arid country (Acacia woodland and thorn scrub)
View the Source Patrizi's trident leaf-nosed bat (Wikipedia)
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Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland and caves.
View the Source Trident bat (Wikipedia)
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Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, dry savanna, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, caves and hot deserts.
View the Source Ethiopian large-eared roundleaf bat (Wikipedia)
Home To: Ethiopian large-eared roundleaf bat, Lead, dry shrublandQuote, Home To: Ethiopian large-eared roundleaf bat, Lead, dry shrubland
Its natural habitats are dry savanna, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, caves, and hot deserts.
View the Source Baja California rock squirrel (Wikipedia)
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It is found in desert shrubland and open mountain forests in areas of volcanic origin.
View the Source Perote ground squirrel (Wikipedia)
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only live in alkaline grasslands, arid scrubs and hilly, rocky areas
View the Source Greater mouse-tailed bat (Wikipedia)
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Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry shrubland.
View the Source Lesser long-nosed bat (Wikipedia)
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inhabit semi-arid grassland, scrub, or forest habitats below about 550 metres (1,800 ft)
View the Source Mexican long-tongued bat (Wikipedia)
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semi-arid thorn scrub
View the Source Greater long-nosed bat (Wikipedia)
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Its habitat includes desert scrub and open woodlands
View the Source Crotalus scutulatus salvini (Wikipedia)
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Crotalus scutulatus salvini is found in mostly arid scrub habitat, as well as adjacent grassland and foothills, from the State of Hidalgo, south through Tlaxcala and Puebla, to southwestern Veracruz, Mexico.
View the Source Red Kangaroo (Wikipedia)
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Its range encompasses scrubland, grassland, and desert habitats.
View the Source Budgerigar (Wikipedia)
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Budgerigars are found in open habitats, primarily in scrublands, open woodlands, and grasslands of Australia.
View the Source Gila Monster (Wikipedia)
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They inhabit scrubland, succulent desert, and oak woodland, seeking shelter in burrows, thickets, and under rocks in locations with a favorable microclimate and adequate humidity.
View the Source Aardwolf (Wikipedia)
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The aardwolf lives in the shrublands of Eastern and Southern Africa, open lands covered with stunted trees and shrubs.
View the Source Macaca fascicularis (Wikipedia)
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It lives in a wide variety of habitats, including primary lowland rainforests, disturbed and secondary rainforests, shrubland, and riverine and coastal forests of nipa palm and mangrove.
View the Source Wikipedia: Jumping spider
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Tropical forests harbor the most species, but they are also found in temperate forests, scrubland, deserts, intertidal zones, and mountainous regions.
View the Source Helix pomatia, Wikipedia
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In Central Europe, it occurs in forests and shrubland, as well as in various synanthropic habitats.
View the Source Tiger beetle - Wikipedia
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As visual hunters, tiger beetles tend to hunt in open, relatively flat habitats, such as sand bars, woodland paths, and barren ground scrubland.
View the Source Wikipedia: African Bullfrog
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The natural habitat of the African bullfrog is moist to dry savanna, subtropical to tropical dry shrubland, intermittent freshwater lakes, intermittent freshwater marshes, arable land, pastureland, canals, and flooded ditches.
View the Source Wikipedia: Asian golden cat
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The species is highly adaptable to a variety of forested environments such as tropical and subtropical moist evergreen forests, mixed deciduous forests, and occasionally more open habitats like bamboo thickets and shrublands.
View the Source Wikipedia: Cat
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Feral cats can live in forests, grasslands, tundra, coastal areas, agricultural land, scrublands, urban areas, and wetlands.
View the Source Wolf (Wikipedia)
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Wolves live in forests, inland wetlands, shrublands, grasslands (including Arctic tundra), pastures, deserts, and rocky peaks on mountains.
View the Source Araucaria goroensis (Wikipedia)
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Its habitat is maquis shrubland from 150 m (500 ft) to 550 m (1,800 ft) altitude.
View the Source Great tit (Wikipedia)
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Riverine woodlands of willows, poplars are among the habitats of the Turkestan subspecies, as well as low scrubland, oases; at higher altitudes it occupies habitats ranging from dense deciduous and coniferous forests to open areas with scattered trees.
View the Source Brachypelma boehmei (Wikipedia)
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These long-lived tarantulas prefer burrowing and hiding in dry scrubland.
View the Source African sheath-tailed bat (Wikipedia)
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Its natural habitats are dry savanna, subsaharic shrubland, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, caves, and hot deserts.
View the Source Dapidodigma hymen (Wikipedia)
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The habitat consists of forests and scrubland.
View the Source Stripe-faced dunnart (Wikipedia)
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The species also inhabits a range of habitats, mainly within arid regions, occurring in low shrublands containing saltbush (Atriplex spp.) and bluebush (Maireana spp.), in spinifex grasslands on sandy soils, among sparse Acacia shrublands, in tussock grasslands on clay, sandy or stony soils, on open salt lakes, and on low, shrubby, rocky ridges.
View the Source Mexican spiny pocket mouse (Wikipedia)
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It is found in dry shrubland at altitudes of up to 3,000 metres (9,800 ft).
View the Source White-vented Violetear (Wikipedia)
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It inhabits a variety of semi-open landscapes including scrublands, savanna, grassland, and gardens and parks.
View the Source Tecoma stans (Wikipedia)
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It thrives in a wide variety of ecosystems, from high altitude temperate forests and tropical deciduous and evergreen forests, to xerophilous scrub and the intertropical littoral.
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