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Rafflesia

Flowering Plants

Rafflesia is a genus of parasitic flowering plants native to the rainforests of Southeast Asia, most famously represented by a species that produces the single largest individual flower of any plant in the world, sometimes exceeding a metre across and weighing up to around ten kilograms. The plant has no leaves, stems or roots of its own visible outside its host, instead living almost entirely as thread-like tissue inside the vines of a specific host plant, from which it draws all its water and nutrients, emerging only briefly to produce its enormous flower. Rafflesia flowers are famous for emitting a strong odor resembling rotting meat, which attracts carrion flies that serve as its primary pollinators. Because Rafflesia depends on a specific host vine and rainforest conditions, deforestation across its range has made most known species rare and threatened with extinction.

Facts
Scientific Name
Genus Rafflesia, family Rafflesiaceae 1
Conservation Status
Data Deficient 3
Only one of the roughly 41 to 42 known Rafflesia species, Rafflesia magnifica, carries an official IUCN critically endangered listing, but a 2023 study applying the same IUCN criteria to every known species found 25 qualify as critically endangered, 15 as endangered, and 2 as vulnerable.
Classification
Diet
Parasitic 2
Living or Extinct
Yes 3
Derived from this species' own Conservation Status: this atlas's IUCN category list has no Extinct value, so a set conservation-status is itself evidence of living status (w-bfill-g5-0924 browse backfill).
Identification
Distinguishing Appearance
A leafless, stemless, rootless parasite living inside Tetrastigma vines and visible only as a five-petaled flower that can exceed 100 centimeters across and weigh up to 10 kilograms in some species, smelling of rotting flesh to attract carrion-fly pollinators. 1
Connections

Open Questions

Source Rafflesia (Wikipedia)
Sources
1. Rafflesia (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia Foundation
  • opening paragraph, genus sentence
    Rafflesia (), or stinking corpse lily, is a genus of parasitic flowering plants in the family Rafflesiaceae.
  • Description section, flower size sentence
    In some species, such as Rafflesia arnoldii, the flower may be over 100 centimetres (40 in) in diameter, and weigh up to 10 kilograms (22 lb).
View the Source
2. Wikipedia: Rafflesia
Wikipediasystem (MediaWiki batch-API article extract states it plainly, diet)
Quote, system (MediaWiki batch-API article extract states it plainly, diet)
Rafflesia, or stinking corpse lily, is a genus of parasitic flowering plants in the family Rafflesiaceae.
View the Source
3. The World's Largest and Smelliest Flower Is at Risk of Extinction, Scientists Say (Smithsonian Magazine)
Smithsonian Institutionparagraph beginning As of now, just one of 42 known Rafflesia species
Quote, paragraph beginning As of now, just one of 42 known Rafflesia species
As of now, just one of 42 known Rafflesia species, Rafflesia magnifica, is listed as critically endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
View the Source
Open Questions (1 open question)
How Many Rafflesia Plants Remain in the Wild?

Rafflesia lives almost entirely as thread-like tissue hidden inside a host vine and only becomes visible when it briefly flowers, so no reliable method exists to count total individuals, only the flowers observed at any given time.

What would resolve this Genetic sampling of host Tetrastigma vines to detect latent Rafflesia infections independent of flowering, combined with systematic habitat surveys.
Conservation botanyRafflesia (Wikipedia)
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