Homo luzonensis

Homo luzonensis, also called Callao Man, is an extinct and possibly small-bodied archaic human from the Late Pleistocene of Luzon in the Philippines. Its remains, which are teeth and finger and toe bones, come only from Callao Cave in the north of the island. They were first assigned to modern humans in 2010, but further finds in 2019 led to a new species, because the bones combine traits like those of modern humans with others resembling Australopithecus and early Homo. A 2023 study dated the fossils to about 134,000 years ago. The cave dwellers brought in mostly Philippine deer carcasses and used tools to butcher them, and their ancestors must have crossed open sea to reach the island.