Venezuelan Yellow Frog (Atelopus carbonerensis)

The Venezuelan yellow frog is a species of true toad endemic to the Merida Andes of Venezuela, where it lives in cloud forest between 2,000 and 2,800 meters, along streams where its tadpoles develop. It has yellow dorsal coloring with brown spots around the nostrils, a scarlet red anterior belly, a projecting snout, long hind limbs, and rows of tubercles along its back, with males measuring 40 to 46 millimeters and females 44 to 55 millimeters. Once abundant, the species declined sharply in the 1980s and was feared extinct after a 1998 sighting, until a single individual turned up in 2014 and a mating pair was seen in 2021, observations that suggest possible resistance developing to the chytrid fungus blamed for its collapse. Most recent records come from Paramo El Tambor in Merida state, partly within Sierra La Culata National Park, and the IUCN lists the species as critically endangered.