Biome

Tundra

Desert and Tundra Biomes

A biome of the far north and the highest mountains, too cold for trees to grow at all, characterized by a short summer growing season and, across most of the Arctic tundra, a layer of permanently frozen subsoil called permafrost that keeps meltwater from draining away and produces the biome's characteristic wet, hummocky ground. Vegetation is limited to low shrubs, grasses, mosses and lichens close to the ground, and the animals that live here year-round, such as the gray wolf's northern populations, carry heavy insulation and, often, seasonal coat color change. Antarctica's ice-free coastal fringe, where species such as the emperor penguin breed, shares the tundra biome's cold, low-precipitation character even though it is formally its own polar desert.

Facts

Climate

Annual Precipitation (mm)

200 1

Typical Low Temperature (C)

-34 2

Typical High Temperature (C)

10 2

Tundra

66 entries

Common Group

Taxonomy

Conservation Status

Ecosystem

Everyday Group

Diet

System (Realm)

Threats

Relationship to People

Living or Extinct

Where It Lives

Connections

Demonstrates

Aurora

The tundra biome sits mainly within the high-latitude auroral oval, the band where aurora is visible on the greatest number of nights per year, making it the biome most closely associated with regularly observing the phenomenon.

Source National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Blizzard

Source National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Polar Vortex Outbreak

Source National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Whiteout

Source National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Home To

American Crow

Source Wikidata: American Crow

American Pika

Source Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Ochotona princeps

Antarctic Peninsula

Source Antarctic Peninsula (Wikipedia)

Arctic Fox (Vulpes lagopus)

Source Arctic Fox (Vulpes lagopus) (Wikipedia)

Arctic Tern

Source Encyclopaedia Britannica

Arctic Tundra

Source World Wildlife Fund

Bald Eagle

Source Wikipedia: Bald Eagle

Barnacle goose

Source Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Branta leucopsis

Bar-tailed Godwit

Source Bar-tailed godwit (Wikipedia)

Bengal Tiger

Source Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Panthera tigris

Bluethroat

Source Bluethroat (Wikipedia)

Bombus cryptarum

Source NatureServe Explorer: Bombus cryptarum

Brant (goose)

Source Brant (goose) (Wikidata)

Climacium dendroides

Source Climacium dendroides (Wikipedia)

Common eider

Source Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Somateria mollissima

Common ringed plover

Source NatureServe Explorer: Charadrius hiaticula

Common snipe

Source Common snipe (Wikipedia)

Dawson's caribou

Source Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Rangifer tarandus

Domestic Cat

Source Wikipedia: Cat

Dunlin

Source Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Calidris alpina

Dwarf Horsetail

Source Plants For A Future: Equisetum scirpoides

Emperor Penguin

Antarctica's ice-free coastal fringe, where emperor penguins breed, is formally its own polar desert rather than tundra proper, but shares the tundra biome's cold, low-precipitation character; the atlas's founding seven biomes do not yet include a dedicated polar-ice type.

Source Encyclopaedia Britannica

Eurasian skylark

Source NatureServe Explorer: Alauda arvensis

European golden plover

Source European golden plover (Wikipedia)

Fieldfare

Source Fieldfare (Wikipedia)

Gentoo Penguin

Source Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Pygoscelis papua

Golden Eagle

Source Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Aquila chrysaetos

Great diving beetle

Source Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Dytiscus marginalis (Animal Diversity Web)

Great Horned Owl

Source Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Bubo virginianus

Great knot

Source Great knot (Wikipedia)

Grey plover

Source NatureServe Explorer: Pluvialis squatarola

Jack snipe

Source Jack snipe (Wikipedia)

Kentish plover

Source Kentish plover (Wikipedia)

Koslov's Pika

Source Koslov's Pika (Wikipedia)

Lesser black-backed gull

Source NatureServe Explorer: Larus fuscus

Little auk

Source Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Alle alle

Little Stint

Source Little stint (Wikipedia)

Long-tailed duck

Source Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Clangula hyemalis

Maca

Source Plants For A Future: Lepidium meyenii

Muskox

Source Muskox (Wikipedia)

North American Porcupine

Source Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Erethizon dorsatum

Northern wheatear

Source NatureServe Explorer: Oenanthe oenanthe

Old World Swallowtail (Papilio machaon)

Source Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Papilio machaon (Animal Diversity Web)

Pacific golden plover

Source Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Pluvialis fulva

Painted Lady

Source Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Vanessa cardui

Peregrine Falcon

Source Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Falco peregrinus

Red Knot (Calidris canutus)

Source Red knot (Wikipedia)

Reindeer

Source Reindeer (Wikipedia)

Reindeer Lichen

Source Cladonia rangiferina, Wikipedia

Robber Fly

Source Asilidae

Showing 1 to 50 of 69 in Home To, page 1 of 2.

Sources

1. Tundra Biome (National Geographic Education)

National Geographic EducationTundra Biome - Precipitation

Quote, Tundra Biome - Precipitation

Tundra regions typically get less than 25 centimeters (10 inches) of precipitation annually.

View the Source

2. Tundra Climate (Blue Planet Biomes)

Blue Planet Biomes

Introduction
It never gets any warmer than 45 or 50° F.
Introduction
Winter temperatures don't reach above 20° F and average -20° to -30°F.

View the Source

Encyclopaedia Britannica

Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.

britannica.com/science/tundra, opening definition
tundra, a major zone of treeless level or rolling ground found in cold regions, mostly north of the Arctic Circle (Arctic tundra) or above the timberline on high mountains (alpine tundra). Tundra is known for large stretches of bare ground and rock and for patchy mantles of low vegetation such as mosses, lichens, herbs, and small shrubs. This surface supports a meagre but unique variety of animals. The Finns called their treeless northern reaches the tunturi, but the concept of a vast frozen plain as a special ecological realm called tundra was developed by the Russians.
Home To: Emperor Penguin
Home To: Arctic Tern

View the Source

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

National Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationView the Source

Antarctic Peninsula (Wikipedia)

WikipediaHome To: Antarctic Peninsula, lead sectionView the Source

World Wildlife Fund

Home To: Arctic Tundra
Home To: Svalbard

View the Source

Reindeer (Wikipedia)

Wikimedia FoundationHome To: Reindeer, Wikipedia intro: "Rangifer tarandus) is a species of deer with circumpolar distribution, native to Arctic, subarctic, tundra, boreal, and mountainous regions of Northern Europe,..."View the Source

Wikipedia: Snowy Owl

WikipediaHome To: Snowy Owl, Wikipedia intro: "s are native to the Arctic regions of both North America and the Palearctic, breeding mostly on the tundra. It has a number of unique adaptations to its habitat..."View the Source

Wikipedia: Racomitrium lanuginosum

WikipediaHome To: Woolly Fringe-moss, Wikipedia intro: "Racomitrium lanuginosum is a widespread species of moss found in montane and arctic tundra, the genus Racomitrium is found across the Northern and Southern hemi..."View the Source

Arctic Fox (Vulpes lagopus) (Wikipedia)

Home To: Arctic Fox (Vulpes lagopus), Wikipedia intro: "ies of fox native to the Arctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere and common throughout the Arctic tundra. It is well adapted to living in cold environments, a..."View the Source

Common snipe (Wikipedia)

Home To: Common snipe, Wikipedia intro: "inago cælestis) is a small, stocky wader native to the Old World, where it breeds in marshes, bogs, tundra and wet meadows. It is usually shy and well-camouflag..."View the Source

Koslov's Pika (Wikipedia)

Home To: Koslov's Pika, Wikipedia intro: ") is a species of mammal in the family Ochotonidae. It is endemic to China. Its natural habitat is tundra. It is threatened by habitat loss. Kozlov's pika are h..."View the Source

Wolverine

Wikimedia FoundationHome To: Wolverine, Wikipedia 'Wolverine': found primarily in remote reaches of the northern boreal forests and subarctic and alpine tundraView the Source

Muskox (Wikipedia)

Wikimedia FoundationHome To: Muskox, Wikipedia 'Muskox': native to the Arctic (Greenland, Canadian Arctic, Alaska)View the Source

Cladonia rangiferina, Wikipedia

Home To: Reindeer Lichen, Wikipedia 'Cladonia rangiferina': found primarily in areas of alpine tundraView the Source

Wikidata: American Crow

Home To: American Crow, IntroductionView the Source

Red knot (Wikipedia)

Home To: Red Knot (Calidris canutus), IntroductionView the Source

Wikidata: Silene Stenophylla

Home To: Silene Stenophylla, IntroductionView the Source

Tundra swan (Wikidata)

WikidataHome To: Tundra swan, IntroductionView the Source

Brant (goose) (Wikidata)

WikidataHome To: Brant (goose), IntroductionView the Source

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Erethizon dorsatum

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHome To: North American Porcupine, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

Quote, Home To: North American Porcupine, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

tundra tundra

View the Source

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Falco peregrinus

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHome To: Peregrine Falcon, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

Quote, Home To: Peregrine Falcon, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

tundra tundra

View the Source

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Aquila chrysaetos

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHome To: Golden Eagle, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

Quote, Home To: Golden Eagle, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

tundra tundra

View the Source

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Bubo virginianus

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHome To: Great Horned Owl, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

Quote, Home To: Great Horned Owl, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

tundra tundra

View the Source

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Pygoscelis papua

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHome To: Gentoo Penguin, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

Quote, Home To: Gentoo Penguin, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

tundra tundra

View the Source

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Lithobates sylvaticus

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHome To: Wood Frog, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

Quote, Home To: Wood Frog, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

tundra tundra

View the Source

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Ochotona princeps

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHome To: American Pika, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

Quote, Home To: American Pika, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

tundra tundra

View the Source

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Vanessa cardui

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHome To: Painted Lady, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

Quote, Home To: Painted Lady, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

tundra tundra

View the Source

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Panthera tigris

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHome To: Bengal Tiger, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

Quote, Home To: Bengal Tiger, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

tundra tundra

View the Source

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Sarcoptes scabiei

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHome To: Scabies Mite, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

Quote, Home To: Scabies Mite, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

tundra tundra

View the Source

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Trichinella spiralis

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHome To: Trichinella Spiralis, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

Quote, Home To: Trichinella Spiralis, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

tundra tundra

View the Source

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Alle alle

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHome To: Little auk, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

Quote, Home To: Little auk, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

tundra tundra

View the Source

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Clangula hyemalis

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHome To: Long-tailed duck, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

Quote, Home To: Long-tailed duck, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

tundra tundra

View the Source

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Lepus americanus

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHome To: Snowshoe hare, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

Quote, Home To: Snowshoe hare, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

tundra tundra

View the Source

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Somateria mollissima

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHome To: Common eider, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

Quote, Home To: Common eider, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

tundra tundra

View the Source

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Branta leucopsis

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHome To: Barnacle goose, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

Quote, Home To: Barnacle goose, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

tundra tundra

View the Source

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Calidris alpina

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHome To: Dunlin, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

Quote, Home To: Dunlin, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

tundra tundra

View the Source

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Plectrophenax nivalis

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHome To: Snow Bunting, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

Quote, Home To: Snow Bunting, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

tundra tundra

View the Source

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Pluvialis fulva

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHome To: Pacific golden plover, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

Quote, Home To: Pacific golden plover, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

tundra tundra

View the Source

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Anser fabalis

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHome To: Taiga bean goose, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

Quote, Home To: Taiga bean goose, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

tundra tundra

View the Source

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Rangifer tarandus

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHome To: Dawson's caribou, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

Quote, Home To: Dawson's caribou, Habitat Regions, biome: tundra

tundra tundra

View the Source

Wikipedia: Bald Eagle

WikipediaHome To: Bald Eagle, Habitat

Quote, Home To: Bald Eagle, Habitat

Upland wintering habitats often consist of open habitats with concentrations of medium-sized mammals, such as prairies, meadows or tundra, or open forests with regular carrion access.

View the Source

Wikipedia: Syntrichia ruralis

WikipediaHome To: Star Moss, Lead

Quote, Home To: Star Moss, Lead

It grows in tundra, coniferous forest, grassland, sagebrush steppe, and other habitat types.

View the Source

Wikipedia: Cat

Home To: Domestic Cat, Habitats

Quote, Home To: Domestic Cat, Habitats

Feral cats can live in forests, grasslands, tundra, coastal areas, agricultural land, scrublands, urban areas, and wetlands.

View the Source

Wolf (Wikipedia)

WikipediaHome To: Wolf, Distribution and habitat

Quote, Home To: Wolf, Distribution and habitat

Wolves live in forests, inland wetlands, shrublands, grasslands (including Arctic tundra), pastures, deserts, and rocky peaks on mountains.

View the Source

Rough-legged buzzard (Wikipedia)

Home To: Rough-legged buzzard, Habitat and distribution

Quote, Home To: Rough-legged buzzard, Habitat and distribution

The rough-legged buzzard breeds in tundra and taiga habitats of North America and Eurasia between the latitudes of 61° (locally south to 48° in Newfoundland and 58° N in southern Norway) and 76° N.

View the Source

European golden plover (Wikipedia)

Home To: European golden plover, Distribution and habitat

Quote, Home To: European golden plover, Distribution and habitat

The European golden plover tends to breed in the Arctic tundra and other moorland areas, ranging as far west as Iceland, where they are called Heiðlóa, and as far east as central Siberia; the southernmost breed in Wales and Belarus, after a small breeding population on Dartmoor in southwest England became extinct in about 2010.

View the Source

Great knot (Wikipedia)

Home To: Great knot, Distribution

Quote, Home To: Great knot, Distribution

Their breeding habitat is tundra in northeast Siberia, Russia.

View the Source

Bluethroat (Wikipedia)

Home To: Bluethroat, Subspecies

Quote, Home To: Bluethroat, Subspecies

L. s. svecica (Linnaeus, 1758) (red-spotted bluethroat), breeds in subarctic shrub tundra from Scandinavia east to western Alaska, winters in southern Asia in India, Pakistan, Middle East.

View the Source

Little stint (Wikipedia)

Home To: Little Stint, Nesting

Quote, Home To: Little Stint, Nesting

Birds prefer to nest in low-lying areas within grassy tundra, often near wetlands .

View the Source

Fieldfare (Wikipedia)

Home To: Fieldfare, Habitat

Quote, Home To: Fieldfare, Habitat

It also inhabits open tundra and the slopes of hills above the tree line.

View the Source

Jack snipe (Wikipedia)

Home To: Jack snipe, Distribution and habitat

Quote, Home To: Jack snipe, Distribution and habitat

Their breeding habitat is marshes, bogs, tundra and wet meadows with short vegetation in northern Europe and northern Russia.

View the Source

Kentish plover (Wikipedia)

Home To: Kentish plover, Distribution

Quote, Home To: Kentish plover, Distribution

They are known to reside and breed in multiple types of habitat, from desert with ground temperatures reaching 50 °C to tundra.

View the Source

Wild Yak (Wikipedia)

Wikimedia FoundationHome To: Wild Yak, Distribution and habitat

Quote, Home To: Wild Yak, Distribution and habitat

It's most common in alpine tundra with a relatively thick carpet of grasses and sedges rather than the more barren steppe country.

View the Source

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Mustela erminea (Animal Diversity Web)

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHome To: Stoat, Habitat: Terrestrial Biomes

Quote, Home To: Stoat, Habitat: Terrestrial Biomes

Terrestrial Biomes tundra tundra taiga taiga savanna or grassland savanna or grassland forest forest scrub forest scrub forest mountains mountains

View the Source

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Lagopus leucura (Animal Diversity Web)

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHome To: White-tailed ptarmigan, Habitat: Terrestrial Biomes

Quote, Home To: White-tailed ptarmigan, Habitat: Terrestrial Biomes

Terrestrial Biomes tundra tundra mountains mountains

View the Source

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Dytiscus marginalis (Animal Diversity Web)

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHome To: Great diving beetle, Habitat: Terrestrial Biomes

Quote, Home To: Great diving beetle, Habitat: Terrestrial Biomes

Terrestrial Biomes tundra tundra mountains mountains

View the Source

Asilidae

Home To: Robber Fly, Habitat

Quote, Home To: Robber Fly, Habitat

In the Northern Hemisphere, some species are even adapted to tundra.

View the Source

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Papilio machaon (Animal Diversity Web)

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHome To: Old World Swallowtail (Papilio machaon), Terrestrial Biomes

Quote, Home To: Old World Swallowtail (Papilio machaon), Terrestrial Biomes

Habitat Regions temperate temperate Terrestrial Biomes tundra tundra savanna or grassland savanna or grassland forest forest mountains mountains icecap

View the Source

NatureServe Explorer: Bombus cryptarum

NatureServe ExplorerHome To: Bombus cryptarum, Species characteristics: Tundra

Quote, Home To: Bombus cryptarum, Species characteristics: Tundra

"terrestrialHabitatDescEn": "Tundra"

View the Source

NatureServe Explorer: Pluvialis squatarola

NatureServe ExplorerHome To: Grey plover, Species characteristics: Tundra

Quote, Home To: Grey plover, Species characteristics: Tundra

"terrestrialHabitatDescEn": "Tundra"

View the Source

NatureServe Explorer: Alauda arvensis

NatureServe ExplorerHome To: Eurasian skylark, Species characteristics: Tundra

Quote, Home To: Eurasian skylark, Species characteristics: Tundra

"terrestrialHabitatDescEn": "Tundra"

View the Source

NatureServe Explorer: Larus fuscus

NatureServe ExplorerHome To: Lesser black-backed gull, Species characteristics: Tundra

Quote, Home To: Lesser black-backed gull, Species characteristics: Tundra

"terrestrialHabitatDescEn": "Tundra"

View the Source

NatureServe Explorer: Charadrius hiaticula

NatureServe ExplorerHome To: Common ringed plover, Species characteristics: Tundra

Quote, Home To: Common ringed plover, Species characteristics: Tundra

"terrestrialHabitatDescEn": "Tundra"

View the Source

NatureServe Explorer: Oenanthe oenanthe

NatureServe ExplorerHome To: Northern wheatear, Species characteristics: Tundra

Quote, Home To: Northern wheatear, Species characteristics: Tundra

"terrestrialHabitatDescEn": "Tundra"

View the Source

Bar-tailed godwit (Wikipedia)

Home To: Bar-tailed Godwit, Habitat: Tundra

Quote, Home To: Bar-tailed Godwit, Habitat: Tundra

Bar-tailed godwits breed on Arctic coasts and tundra from Scandinavia to Alaska

View the Source

Plants For A Future: Lepidium meyenii

Plants For A FutureHome To: Maca, Habitats

Quote, Home To: Maca, Habitats

Barren steppes, tundra and alpine plains, usually in limestone and clay soils, 3800 - 4800 metres

View the Source

Plants For A Future: Equisetum scirpoides

Plants For A FutureHome To: Dwarf Horsetail, Habitats

Quote, Home To: Dwarf Horsetail, Habitats

Tundra, mossy places, and woods. Stems often partly buried in humus. Part shade, shade; moist woods, peat bogs, shady, mossy wetlands.

View the Source

Climacium dendroides (Wikipedia)

Home To: Climacium dendroides, Habitat
in alpine tundras
Home To: Tree Moss, Habitat
in alpine tundras

View the Source

Dissenting Readings (1 dissenting reading)

Description

The Koppen climate classification, the standard reference scheme this entry's own hedge implicitly gestures toward, draws a firm line this entry does not fully draw: ET (tundra) requires at least one month averaging above freezing, while EF (ice cap, sometimes called polar desert) has no month above freezing at all. By Koppen's own criteria the two are separate climate classes, not one biome with a footnote; this entry's inclusion of Antarctica's ice-free coastal fringe under Tundra, while noting in its own prose that the area is "formally its own polar desert," is the simplified convention, not the only one a foundational climate classification supports.

A dissenting reading, from Wladimir KoppenEncyclopaedia Britannica, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.

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World Biomes in ExtremesIncludes a question about Tundra.

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American Crow

American Pika

Arctic Fox (Vulpes lagopus)

Arctic Tern

Bald Eagle

Barnacle goose

Bar-tailed Godwit

Bengal Tiger

Bluethroat

Bombus cryptarum

Brant (goose)

Climacium dendroides

Common eider

Common ringed plover

Common snipe

Dawson's caribou

Domestic Cat

Dunlin

Dwarf Horsetail

Emperor Penguin

Eurasian skylark

European golden plover

Fieldfare

Gentoo Penguin

Golden Eagle

Great diving beetle

Great Horned Owl

Great knot

Grey plover

Jack snipe

Kentish plover

Koslov's Pika

Lesser black-backed gull

Little auk

Little Stint

Long-tailed duck

Maca

Muskox

North American Porcupine

Northern wheatear

Old World Swallowtail (Papilio machaon)

Pacific golden plover

Painted Lady

Peregrine Falcon

Red Knot (Calidris canutus)

Reindeer

Reindeer Lichen

Robber Fly

Rough-legged buzzard

Scabies Mite

Silene Stenophylla

Snow Bunting

Snowshoe hare

Snowy Owl

Star Moss

Stoat

Taiga bean goose

Tree Moss

Trichinella Spiralis

Tundra swan

White-tailed ptarmigan

Wild Yak

Wolf

Wolverine

Wood Frog

Woolly Fringe-moss

Demonstrates

Home To

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