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Biome

Xeric Shrubland

Desert and Tundra Biomes

Deserts and xeric shrublands form the largest terrestrial biome, covering about 19 percent of Earth's land surface, and receive on average less than 250 millimeters of rain a year with evaporation that outpaces rainfall. The biome is defined by woody-stemmed shrubs and other plants adapted to minimize water loss, ranging from the scorching Sahara to the cold-winter Gobi, with sharp swings between hot days and cold nights because of the lack of humidity and cloud cover. Its sparse, drought-resistant vegetation and ephemeral habitats support animal life equally adapted to extremes and to seasonal water availability.

Facts
Climate
Annual Precipitation (mm)
200 1
Ecoregions of this habitat type usually receive less than 250mm of rain annually except at their margins; 200mm is a representative figure below that ceiling, not a single measured site.
Typical High Temperature (C)
45 2
45C is the daytime summer high Wikipedia gives for hot deserts generally (Sahara-type); this biome also covers cold deserts such as the Gobi, which never approach this heat, see the paired low figure cited to a separate source.
Xeric Shrubland
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Aardwolf, Species
Source Aardwolf (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia: African Bullfrog
Source African sheath-tailed bat (Wikipedia)
Source Araucaria goroensis (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia: Asian golden cat
Source Brachypelma boehmei (Wikipedia)
Budgerigar, Species
Source Budgerigar (Wikipedia)
Source Macaca fascicularis (Wikipedia)
Source Crotalus scutulatus salvini (Wikipedia)
Source Dapidodigma hymen (Wikipedia)
Domestic Cat, Species
Source Wikipedia: Cat
Gila Monster, Species
Source Gila Monster (Wikipedia)
Great tit, Species
Source Great tit (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia: Jumping spider
Source Mexican spiny pocket mouse (Wikipedia)
Red Kangaroo, Species
Source Red Kangaroo (Wikipedia)
Roman Snail, Species
Source Helix pomatia, Wikipedia
Source Stripe-faced dunnart (Wikipedia)
Tecoma stans, Species
Source Tecoma stans (Wikipedia)
Tiger Beetle, Species
Source Tiger beetle - Wikipedia
Source Turkey Vulture (Wikipedia)
Source White-vented Violetear (Wikipedia)
Wolf, Species
Source Wolf (Wikipedia)
Sources
1. Xeric Shrubland (Wikipedia)
WikipediaArticle body, climate description paragraph
Quote, Article body, climate description paragraph
Ecoregions in this habitat type vary greatly in the amount of annual rainfall they receive, usually less than 250 millimetres (10 in) annually except in the margins.
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2. Desert (Wikipedia)
WikipediaArticle body, radiative heat loss and hot-desert daytime temperature sentence
Quote, Article body, radiative heat loss and hot-desert daytime temperature sentence
In hot deserts, the temperature during daytime can exceed 45 °C (113 °F) in summer and plunge below freezing point at night during winter.
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Turkey Vulture (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationHome To: Turkey Vulture, Wikipedia 'Turkey vulture': inhabits subtropical forests, shrublands, pastures, and desertsView the Source
Crotalus scutulatus salvini (Wikipedia)
Home To: Crotalus scutulatus salvini, article text (habitat biome), EntityId 378246, target B327820
Quote, Home To: Crotalus scutulatus salvini, article text (habitat biome), EntityId 378246, target B327820
Crotalus scutulatus salvini is found in mostly arid scrub habitat, as well as adjacent grassland and foothills, from the State of Hidalgo, south through Tlaxcala and Puebla, to southwestern Veracruz, Mexico.
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Red Kangaroo (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationHome To: Red Kangaroo, Ecology and habitat
Quote, Home To: Red Kangaroo, Ecology and habitat
Its range encompasses scrubland, grassland, and desert habitats.
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Budgerigar (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHome To: Budgerigar, Ecology
Quote, Home To: Budgerigar, Ecology
Budgerigars are found in open habitats, primarily in scrublands, open woodlands, and grasslands of Australia.
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Gila Monster (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHome To: Gila Monster, Distribution and habitat
Quote, Home To: Gila Monster, Distribution and habitat
They inhabit scrubland, succulent desert, and oak woodland, seeking shelter in burrows, thickets, and under rocks in locations with a favorable microclimate and adequate humidity.
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Aardwolf (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationHome To: Aardwolf, Lead
Quote, Home To: Aardwolf, Lead
The aardwolf lives in the shrublands of Eastern and Southern Africa, open lands covered with stunted trees and shrubs.
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Macaca fascicularis (Wikipedia)
Home To: Crab-eating Macaque, Distribution and habitat
Quote, Home To: Crab-eating Macaque, Distribution and habitat
It lives in a wide variety of habitats, including primary lowland rainforests, disturbed and secondary rainforests, shrubland, and riverine and coastal forests of nipa palm and mangrove.
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Wikipedia: Jumping spider
Home To: Jumping Spider, Habitat
Quote, Home To: Jumping Spider, Habitat
Tropical forests harbor the most species, but they are also found in temperate forests, scrubland, deserts, intertidal zones, and mountainous regions.
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Helix pomatia, Wikipedia
Home To: Roman Snail, Habitat
Quote, Home To: Roman Snail, Habitat
In Central Europe, it occurs in forests and shrubland, as well as in various synanthropic habitats.
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Tiger beetle - Wikipedia
Home To: Tiger Beetle, Adaptations
Quote, Home To: Tiger Beetle, Adaptations
As visual hunters, tiger beetles tend to hunt in open, relatively flat habitats, such as sand bars, woodland paths, and barren ground scrubland.
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Wikipedia: African Bullfrog
WikipediaHome To: African Bullfrog, Lead
Quote, Home To: African Bullfrog, Lead
The natural habitat of the African bullfrog is moist to dry savanna, subtropical to tropical dry shrubland, intermittent freshwater lakes, intermittent freshwater marshes, arable land, pastureland, canals, and flooded ditches.
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Wikipedia: Asian golden cat
Home To: Asian Golden Cat, Lead
Quote, Home To: Asian Golden Cat, Lead
The species is highly adaptable to a variety of forested environments such as tropical and subtropical moist evergreen forests, mixed deciduous forests, and occasionally more open habitats like bamboo thickets and shrublands.
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Wikipedia: Cat
Home To: Domestic Cat, Habitats
Quote, Home To: Domestic Cat, Habitats
Feral cats can live in forests, grasslands, tundra, coastal areas, agricultural land, scrublands, urban areas, and wetlands.
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Wolf (Wikipedia)
WikipediaHome To: Wolf, Distribution and habitat
Quote, Home To: Wolf, Distribution and habitat
Wolves live in forests, inland wetlands, shrublands, grasslands (including Arctic tundra), pastures, deserts, and rocky peaks on mountains.
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Araucaria goroensis (Wikipedia)
Home To: Araucaria goroensis, Distribution and habitat
Quote, Home To: Araucaria goroensis, Distribution and habitat
Its habitat is maquis shrubland from 150 m (500 ft) to 550 m (1,800 ft) altitude.
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Great tit (Wikipedia)
Home To: Great tit, Distribution, movements and habitat
Quote, Home To: Great tit, Distribution, movements and habitat
Riverine woodlands of willows, poplars are among the habitats of the Turkestan subspecies, as well as low scrubland, oases; at higher altitudes it occupies habitats ranging from dense deciduous and coniferous forests to open areas with scattered trees.
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Brachypelma boehmei (Wikipedia)
Home To: Brachypelma boehmei, Lead
Quote, Home To: Brachypelma boehmei, Lead
These long-lived tarantulas prefer burrowing and hiding in dry scrubland.
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African sheath-tailed bat (Wikipedia)
Home To: African sheath-tailed bat, Distribution and habitat
Quote, Home To: African sheath-tailed bat, Distribution and habitat
Its natural habitats are dry savanna, subsaharic shrubland, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, caves, and hot deserts.
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Dapidodigma hymen (Wikipedia)
Home To: Dapidodigma hymen, Lead
Quote, Home To: Dapidodigma hymen, Lead
The habitat consists of forests and scrubland.
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Stripe-faced dunnart (Wikipedia)
Home To: Stripe-faced dunnart, Distribution and habitat
Quote, Home To: Stripe-faced dunnart, Distribution and habitat
The species also inhabits a range of habitats, mainly within arid regions, occurring in low shrublands containing saltbush (Atriplex spp.) and bluebush (Maireana spp.), in spinifex grasslands on sandy soils, among sparse Acacia shrublands, in tussock grasslands on clay, sandy or stony soils, on open salt lakes, and on low, shrubby, rocky ridges.
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Mexican spiny pocket mouse (Wikipedia)
Home To: Mexican spiny pocket mouse, Distribution and habitat
Quote, Home To: Mexican spiny pocket mouse, Distribution and habitat
It is found in dry shrubland at altitudes of up to 3,000 metres (9,800 ft).
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White-vented Violetear (Wikipedia)
Home To: White-vented Violetear, Distribution and habitat
Quote, Home To: White-vented Violetear, Distribution and habitat
It inhabits a variety of semi-open landscapes including scrublands, savanna, grassland, and gardens and parks.
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Tecoma stans (Wikipedia)
Home To: Tecoma stans, Ecology scrub
Quote, Home To: Tecoma stans, Ecology scrub
It thrives in a wide variety of ecosystems, from high altitude temperate forests and tropical deciduous and evergreen forests, to xerophilous scrub and the intertropical littoral.
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