Home›Species›Ecosystem›Gulf of CaliforniaEcosystemGulf of CaliforniaMarine and Coral ReefReference and ClassificationVerifiedThe Gulf of California separates the Baja California peninsula from mainland Mexico, stretching about 1,126 kilometers long and 48 to 241 kilometers wide across roughly 160,000 square kilometers, with depths exceeding 3,000 meters shaped by the tectonic spreading slowly pulling Baja California away from the continent. The gulf is one of the most biologically diverse seas on Earth and shelters numerous endemic species, along with visiting blue whales, humpback whales, gray whales, killer whales and manta rays. It was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2005 but placed on the List of World Heritage in Danger in 2019 because of the near extinction of the vaquita, a porpoise found only in these waters.FactsGulf of CaliforniaConnectionsIn the Other AtlasesSourcesTake a Related QuizComments (0)Reader Challenges (0)FactsClassificationBiogeographic RealmWell-attestedNearctic 1Protected StatusWell-attestedPartially Protected 2Area (sq km)Well-attested160,000 3Gulf of CaliforniaFilter Results18 entriesCommon GroupAllCephalopods (Octopus, Squid, Nautilus, Cuttlefish) (1)Gastropods (Snails And Slugs) (1)Green Seaweeds (Ulva, Codium and Caulerpa) (2)Lizards (Lacertilia) (1)Penguins And Seabirds (1)Scorpions (1)Sharks, Rays And Chimaeras (3)Shorebirds (Waders) (1)Turtles And Tortoises (Testudines) (3)TaxonomyAllBalaenopteridae (1)Cephalopoda (1)Cetacea (1)Cheloniidae (1)Chlorophyta (2)Chondrichthyes (3)Dermochelyidae (1)Gastropoda (1)Gaviiformes (1)Lepidochelys (1)Otariidae (1)Phocoenidae (1)Sauromalus (1)Scorpiones (1)Tringa (1)HabitatAllBoreal Forest (1)Coral Reef (1)Desert (1)Intertidal Zone (1)Kelp Forest (1)Lake (1)Marine (5)Neritic Zone (2)Open Ocean (4)River (1)Conservation StatusAllCritically Endangered (1)Data Deficient (3)Least Concern (3)Near Threatened (1)Not Evaluated (4)Vulnerable (6)Everyday GroupAllCephalopods (Octopus, Squid, Nautilus, Cuttlefish) (1)Gastropods (Snails And Slugs) (1)Green Seaweeds (Ulva, Codium and Caulerpa) (2)Lizards (Lacertilia) (1)Penguins And Seabirds (1)Scorpions (1)Sharks, Rays And Chimaeras (3)Shorebirds (Waders) (1)Turtles And Tortoises (Testudines) (3)DietAllCarnivore (7)Filter Feeder (2)Herbivore (2)Insectivore (1)Omnivore (1)Photosynthetic Autotroph (2)Piscivore (3)System (Realm)AllFreshwater (1)Marine (16)Terrestrial (2)Terrestrial and Freshwater (1)Relationship to PeopleAllAgricultural or Structural Pest (2)Eaten or Drunk by People (2)Ecotourism and Research (1)Hunted or Fished (12)Kept as Pets (1)Used in Traditional Medicine (1)Living or ExtinctAllYes (14)Where It LivesAllAfrica (3)Albania (2)Algeria (1)Angola (3)Antarctica (1)Antigua and Barbuda (4)Argentina (3)Australia (6)Bahamas (3)Bahrain (2)Bangladesh (3)Barbados (4)Belgium (5)Belize (3)Benin (3)Bolivia (1)Brazil (8)Brunei (3)Cabo Verde (2)Cambodia (1)Cameroon (3)Canada (5)Chile (6)China (3)Colombia (7)Comoros (2)Costa Rica (4)Cote d'Ivoire (3)Cuba (4)Cyprus (2)Democratic Republic of the Congo (3)Denmark (5)Djibouti (3)Dominica (4)Dominican Republic (4)Ecuador (5)Egypt (3)Equatorial Guinea (2)Eritrea (3)Federated States of Micronesia (2)Fiji (2)France (3)Gabon (3)Gambia (2)Ghana (3)Greece (1)Grenada (4)Guatemala (2)Guinea (2)Guinea-Bissau (1)Guyana (2)Haiti (2)Honduras (2)India (1)Indonesia (1)Iran (1)Iraq (1)Israel (3)Jamaica (2)Japan (1)Kenya (2)Lebanon (2)Madagascar (2)Mauritius (1)Mexico (10)Mozambique (1)Namibia (1)Netherlands (1)New Zealand (4)North America (8)North Korea (1)Norway (5)Poland (1)Portugal (3)Republic of the Congo (3)Russia (1)Saint Kitts and Nevis (2)Seychelles (1)South America (3)South Asia (4)South Korea (1)Spain (6)Sweden (3)Taiwan (4)Tanzania (1)Turkey (2)United Arab Emirates (3)United Kingdom (2)United States (2)Venezuela (2)Western Sahara (1)Show ResultsBrowseCompareSelect all 18California Sea HareGulf of CaliforniaCalifornia Sea LionGulf of CaliforniaFin WhaleGulf of CaliforniaGiant Desert Hairy ScorpionGulf of CaliforniaGray WhaleGulf of CaliforniaHumboldt SquidGulf of CaliforniaLeatherback Sea TurtleGulf of CaliforniaLesser YellowlegsGulf of CaliforniaLoggerhead Sea TurtleGulf of CaliforniaNurse SharkGulf of CaliforniaOlive Ridley Sea TurtleGulf of CaliforniaPacific AngelsharkGulf of CaliforniaPrickly sharkGulf of CaliforniaRed-throated loonGulf of CaliforniaSauromalus sleviniGulf of CaliforniaSea LettuceGulf of CaliforniaUlva LactucaGulf of CaliforniaVaquitaGulf of CaliforniaConnectionsDemonstratesUpwelling, Natural Phenomena Well-attested Source National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administrationtier 1HostsCalifornia Sea Hare, Species Well-attested Source Wikipedia: California sea haretier 2California Sea Lion, Species Well-attested Source California sea lion, WikipediaFin Whale, Species Well-attested Source Fin Whale (Wikipedia)tier 3Giant Desert Hairy Scorpion, Species Well-attested Source Wikipedia: Hadrurus arizonensisGray Whale, Species Well-attested Source Wikipedia: Gray Whaletier 2Humboldt Squid, Species Well-attested Source Wikipedia: Humboldt squidLeatherback Sea Turtle, Species Well-attested Source Wikidata: Leatherback Sea TurtleAdditional Source Gulf of California (Wikipedia)Article texttier 2Lesser Yellowlegs, Species Well-attested Source Lesser yellowlegs (Wikipedia)Loggerhead Sea Turtle, Species Well-attested Source Loggerhead Sea Turtle (Wikipedia)tier 2Nurse Shark, Species Well-attested Source Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Ginglymostoma cirratumOlive Ridley Sea Turtle, Species Well-attested Source Olive ridley sea turtle, WikipediaPacific Angelshark, Species Well-attested Source Pacific Angelshark (Wikipedia)Prickly shark, Species Well-attested Source Prickly shark (Wikipedia)Red-throated loon, Species Well-attested Source Red-throated loon (Wikipedia)Sauromalus slevini, Species Well-attested Source The Reptile Database: Sauromalus sleviniSea Lettuce, Species Well-attested Source Ulva lactuca, WikipediaUlva Lactuca, Species Well-attested Source Ulva lactuca, WikipediaVaquita, Species Well-attested Source World Wildlife FundIn BiomeMarine, Biomes Well-attested Source World Wildlife FundIn the Other AtlasesFound InMexicoAlso in Geography Atlas: where this subject is found.Sources1. WWF Terrestrial Ecoregions of the Worldtier 2World Wildlife FundBaja California peninsula/Mexico, Nearctic per WWF realm boundaryView the Source2. Wikipedia: Gulf of Californiatier 2WikipediaIntroductionQuote, IntroductionParts of the Gulf of California are a UNESCO World Heritage SiteView the Source3. Gulf of California (Wikipedia)tier 2WikipediaLead section, first paragraph, stating gulf surface areaThe surface of the gulf is about 160,000 km2 (62,000 sq mi).Hosts: Leatherback Sea Turtle, Article textIn addition to a wide range of endemic creatures, such as the critically endangered vaquita and various species of sea urchin, it also hosts many migratory species, such as the humpback whale, California gray whale, killer whale, manta ray, Humboldt squid and leatherback sea turtle, and the world's largest animal, the blue whale.View the SourceWorld Wildlife FundWorld Wildlife FundIn Biome: MarineHosts: VaquitaView the SourceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administrationtier 1National Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationDemonstrates: UpwellingView the SourcePacific Angelshark (Wikipedia)Hosts: Pacific Angelshark, Wikipedia intro: "a species of angelshark, family Squatinidae, found in the eastern Pacific Ocean from Alaska to the Gulf of California, and from Ecuador to Chile, although those..."View the SourceLoggerhead Sea Turtle (Wikipedia)tier 2WikipediaHosts: Loggerhead Sea Turtle, ThreatsQuote, Hosts: Loggerhead Sea Turtle, ThreatsThe most common commercial fishery that accidentally takes loggerheads are bottom trawls used for shrimp vessels in the Gulf of California.View the SourceFin Whale (Wikipedia)tier 3WikipediaHosts: Fin Whale, Range and habitatQuote, Hosts: Fin Whale, Range and habitatAlthough some fin whales are apparently present year-round in the Gulf of California, a significant increase occurs in their numbers in the winter and spring.View the SourceWikipedia: Gray Whaletier 2WikipediaHosts: Gray Whale, FeedingQuote, Hosts: Gray Whale, FeedingFeeding areas during migration seem to include the Gulf of California, Monterey Bay and Baja California Sur.View the SourceCalifornia sea lion, WikipediaHosts: California Sea Lion, LeadQuote, Hosts: California Sea Lion, LeadIts natural habitat ranges from southeast Alaska to central Mexico, including the Gulf of California.View the SourceUlva lactuca, WikipediaHosts: Sea Lettuce, EcologyIn the Pacific Northwest, Ulva lactuca L. is distributed from Alaska to the Gulf of California.Hosts: Ulva Lactuca, EcologyIn the Pacific Northwest, Ulva lactuca L. is distributed from Alaska to the Gulf of California.View the SourceWikipedia: Humboldt squidHosts: Humboldt Squid, LeadQuote, Hosts: Humboldt Squid, LeadThis species is the most important squid worldwide for commercial fisheries, with the catch predominantly landed in Chile, Peru and Mexico; however, a 2015 warming waters fishery collapse in the Gulf of California remains unrecovered.View the SourceWikipedia: Hadrurus arizonensisHosts: Giant Desert Hairy Scorpion, HabitatQuote, Hosts: Giant Desert Hairy Scorpion, HabitatIn Mexico, the species' range flanks the Gulf of California in Sonora and Baja California.View the SourceOlive ridley sea turtle, WikipediaHosts: Olive Ridley Sea Turtle, DistributionQuote, Hosts: Olive Ridley Sea Turtle, DistributionThe olive ridley is also found in the eastern Pacific Ocean from the Galápagos Islands and Chile north to the Gulf of California, and along the Pacific coast to at least Oregon.View the SourceWikipedia: California sea haretier 2WikipediaHosts: California Sea Hare, DistributionQuote, Hosts: California Sea Hare, DistributionA. californica is found along the coast of California, United States, and northwestern Mexico (including the Gulf of California).View the SourceRed-throated loon (Wikipedia)Hosts: Red-throated loon, Habitat and distributionQuote, Hosts: Red-throated loon, Habitat and distributionIn North America, it winters regularly along both coasts, ranging as far south as the Baja California Peninsula and the Gulf of California in north-western Mexico; it has been recorded as a vagrant in the interior Mexican state of Hidalgo.View the SourceLesser yellowlegs (Wikipedia)Hosts: Lesser Yellowlegs, Distribution and habitatQuote, Hosts: Lesser Yellowlegs, Distribution and habitatDuring winter, lesser yellowlegs at the Atlantic coast of North America, from New Jersey southward, travel along the Pacific coast as far north as San Francisco Bay, and throughout the coastal regions of the Gulf of Mexico and the Gulf of California.View the SourcePrickly shark (Wikipedia)Hosts: Prickly shark, Distribution and habitatQuote, Hosts: Prickly shark, Distribution and habitatIn the eastern Pacific, it is known to occur from Oregon to El Salvador (including the Gulf of California), around the Cocos and Galapagos Islands, and off Peru and Chile.View the SourceAnimal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology: Animal Diversity Web: Ginglymostoma cirratumAnimal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of ZoologyHosts: Nurse Shark, Geographic RangeQuote, Hosts: Nurse Shark, Geographic RangeIn the Pacific Ocean, nurse sharks are found in waters off the coast of Estero de La Bocana, Baja California Sur (26.8159°N latitude and -113.7945°W longitude) in Central America along the Pacific coast and completely inhabiting the Gulf of California, and to just south of the coast of Nazca, Peru (-15.2830°S latitude and -75.6732°W longitude) in South America.View the SourceThe Reptile Database: Sauromalus sleviniThe Reptile DatabaseHosts: Sauromalus slevini, DistributionQuote, Hosts: Sauromalus slevini, DistributionDistribution Mexico (Gulf of California: Monserrate, Carmen, Soronados islands)View the SourceTake a Related QuizWetlands, Reefs and Deltas: New EcosystemsCovers this kind of entry.Comments (0)No comments yet. 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