Sturnira parvidens

Sturnira parvidens, the little yellow-shouldered Mesoamerican bat, is a leaf-nosed bat found in Mexico and Central America, from Sonora and Tamaulipas through southern Mexico as far south as northern Costa Rica. Edward Goldman described it in 1917 as a subspecies of the little yellow-shouldered bat from a holotype collected near Acapulco, and a 2013 genetic study supported treating it as a full species. It is a medium-sized bat with a head and body length of 6 to 7 centimetres and a weight of 12 to 19 grams. The fur is thick and soft, usually reddish or yellowish, with a distinct yellow patch over the shoulders in males, and it has no tail. It lives in a wide range of forest types up to about 2,000 metres, most often in the understory of tropical forests near water or farmland, and is common in recently formed secondary forest, so it can indicate forest disturbance. It roosts in tree cavities alone or in groups of up to three, feeds on fruit from pioneer plants and is an important seed disperser. Females can give birth in any month.