Home›Species›Habitat›SteppeBiomeSteppeGrassland, Savanna and Shrubland BiomesReference and ClassificationVerifiedA steppe is an ecoregion of grassland plains without closed forest except near rivers and lakes, occurring in a semi-arid climate too dry to support forest but not dry enough to be desert. Steppes see extreme swings between summers as hot as 45 degrees Celsius and winters as cold as minus 55, with modest annual precipitation of 250 to 500 millimeters and sharp day-night temperature changes, and their grass and shrub cover varies with the specific temperate, subtropical or alpine climate involved. The world's largest steppe stretches from Ukraine through Russia and Kazakhstan into China, with other major steppe regions including the North American Great Plains prairie, the Pannonian Plain of central Europe, Patagonia, and semi-arid Mediterranean regions such as parts of Spain and North Africa.FactsSteppeConnectionsSourcesTake a Related QuizComments (0)Reader Challenges (0)FactsClimateAnnual Precipitation (mm)Well-attested375 1Cited average is 250 to 500mm of annual precipitation; 375mm is the representative midpoint of that range, not a single measured site.Typical Low Temperature (C)Well-attested-55 1This is a documented winter extreme, not a typical daily low; the source records temperature extremes reaching this figure in winter.Typical High Temperature (C)Well-attested45 1This is a documented summer extreme, not a typical daily high; the source records temperature extremes reaching this figure in summer.SteppeFilter Results31 entriesCommon GroupAllAcrocarpous Mosses (Upright Growth) (1)Asters And Composites (Asterales) (2)Bees, Wasps And Ants (Hymenoptera) (1)Birds Of Prey (Raptors) (2)Cabbages And Mustards (Brassicales) (1)Carnations And Cacti (Caryophyllales) (1)Flies (Diptera) (2)Gnetophytes (Gnetales) (2)Kingfishers And Allies (1)Lilies And Orchids (Liliales/Asparagales) (1)Other Birds (1)Other Frogs And Toads (Anura) (1)Pines (Pinaceae) (1)Shorebirds (Waders) (1)Waterfowl (1)TaxonomyAllAccipitridae (1)Anatidae (1)Apis (1)Artiodactyla (2)Asparagaceae (1)Asteraceae (2)Aves (1)Brassicaceae (1)Bryopsida (1)Camelus (1)Canidae (1)Circus (1)Diptera (2)Elephantidae (1)Erinaceidae (1)Gruidae (1)Lepus (1)Manidae (1)Mustelidae (1)Panthera (1)Pelophylax (1)Perissodactyla (1)Pinopsida (1)Plantae (2)Polygonaceae (1)Spalacidae (1)Tringa (1)Conservation StatusAllEndangered (3)Extinct (1)Least Concern (13)Near Threatened (1)Not Evaluated (6)Vulnerable (4)EcosystemAllArabian Desert (1)Arctic Tundra (1)Caspian Sea (2)Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (1)Danube Delta (1)Doñana (1)Eurasian Steppe (3)Gobi Desert (1)Heath (1)Kalahari Desert (1)Kruger National Park (1)Mongolian Steppe (2)Moorland (1)Pacific Northwest Temperate Rainforest (1)Sahara Desert (1)Sahel (1)Serengeti (1)Thar Desert (1)Western Ghats (2)Everyday GroupAllAcrocarpous Mosses (Upright Growth) (1)Asters And Composites (Asterales) (2)Bees, Wasps And Ants (Hymenoptera) (1)Birds Of Prey (Raptors) (2)Cabbages And Mustards (Brassicales) (1)Carnations And Cacti (Caryophyllales) (1)Flies (Diptera) (2)Gnetophytes (Gnetales) (2)Kingfishers And Allies (1)Lilies And Orchids (Liliales/Asparagales) (1)Other Birds (1)Other Frogs And Toads (Anura) (1)Pines (Pinaceae) (1)Shorebirds (Waders) (1)Waterfowl (1)DietAllCarnivore (6)Detritivore or Scavenger (1)Herbivore (9)Insectivore (4)Photosynthetic Autotroph (9)System (Realm)AllFreshwater (4)Marine (3)Terrestrial (28)Relationship to PeopleAllAgricultural or Structural Pest (3)Domesticated (1)Ecotourism and Research (1)Farmed or Commercially Raised (1)Hunted or Fished (4)Invasive or Introduced Species (4)Kept as Pets (1)Natural Pest Control (2)Used in Traditional Medicine (7)Living or ExtinctAllYes (23)Where It LivesAllAfghanistan (1)Africa (9)Albania (2)Algeria (3)Andorra (2)Argentina (2)Armenia (2)Australia (6)Austria (4)Azerbaijan (2)Bahrain (2)Bangladesh (1)Barbados (2)Belarus (2)Belgium (12)Bhutan (1)Bolivia (2)Bosnia and Herzegovina (3)Botswana (2)Brazil (2)Bulgaria (3)Canada (3)Chile (1)China (2)Colombia (2)Costa Rica (1)Croatia (3)Cyprus (4)Czechia (5)Denmark (13)Djibouti (1)Dominican Republic (1)Egypt (2)Eritrea (2)Estonia (3)Eswatini (2)Ethiopia (1)Finland (3)France (6)Gambia (1)Georgia (2)Germany (3)Greece (3)Hungary (3)Iceland (3)India (1)Iran (3)Iraq (1)Ireland (5)Israel (2)Italy (5)Japan (1)Jordan (2)Kazakhstan (7)Kenya (2)Kuwait (1)Kyrgyzstan (4)Latvia (1)Lebanon (2)Lesotho (1)Libya (2)Liechtenstein (2)Lithuania (4)Luxembourg (4)Madagascar (1)Malaysia (1)Malta (1)Manchuria (4)Moldova (2)Monaco (1)Mongolia (6)Montenegro (2)Morocco (2)Mozambique (3)Myanmar (1)Namibia (2)Nepal (1)Netherlands (2)New Zealand (1)Nigeria (1)North America (9)North Macedonia (2)Norway (13)Palestine (2)Paraguay (1)Peru (2)Poland (3)Portugal (5)Romania (2)Russia (8)Saudi Arabia (1)Serbia (1)Slovakia (2)Slovenia (1)South Africa (3)South America (2)South Asia (13)South Korea (1)Spain (10)Sweden (10)Switzerland (4)Syria (1)Taiwan (4)Tajikistan (2)Tanzania (1)Tunisia (2)Turkey (1)Turkmenistan (4)Ukraine (12)United Arab Emirates (2)United Kingdom (3)United States (6)Uruguay (1)Uzbekistan (3)Venezuela (1)Zimbabwe (2)Show ResultsBrowseCompareSelect all 31AnemarrhenaSteppeApis ceranaSteppeArabian OryxSteppeArtemisia herba-albaSteppeBactrian CamelSteppeChinese EphedraSteppeCommon craneSteppeCommon pochardSteppeCrane FlySteppeDholeSteppeDouglas FirSteppeEphedra SinicaSteppeEurasian HoopoeSteppeEuropean HareSteppeEuropean polecatSteppeGerman Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla)SteppeGreater blind mole-ratSteppeLeopardSteppeLong-eared hedgehogSteppeMacaSteppeMarsh FrogSteppeMarsh sandpiperSteppeMontagu's harrierSteppePrzewalski's HorseSteppeRhubarbSteppeRobber FlySteppeRough-legged buzzardSteppeSaiga AntelopeSteppeStar MossSteppeSteppe MammothSteppeTemminck's PangolinSteppeConnectionsDemonstratesWildfire, Natural Phenomena Well-attested Home ToAnemarrhena, Species Well-attested Source Plants For A Future: Anemarrhena asphodeloidesApis cerana, Species Well-attested Source Apis cerana (Wikipedia)Arabian Oryx, Species Well-attested Source Arabian oryx, WikipediaArtemisia herba-alba, Species Well-attested Source Artemisia herba-alba (Wikipedia)Bactrian Camel, Species Well-attested Source Wikipedia: Bactrian cameltier 2Chinese Ephedra, Species Well-attested Source Chinese Ephedra (Wikipedia)Common crane, Species Well-attested Source Common crane (Wikipedia)Common pochard, Species Well-attested Source Common pochard (Wikidata)tier 2Crane Fly, Species Well-attested Source Wikipedia: Crane flytier 2Dhole, Species Well-attested Source Dhole (Wikipedia)tier 3Douglas Fir, Species Well-attested Source Douglas fir - WikipediaEphedra Sinica, Species Well-attested Source Ephedra Sinica (Wikipedia)Eurasian Hoopoe, Species Well-attested Source Eurasian Hoopoe (Wikipedia)tier 2European Hare, Species Well-attested Source European hare (Wikipedia)European polecat, Species Well-attested Source European polecat (Wikidata)tier 2German Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla), Species Well-attested Source Plants For A Future: Matricaria chamomillaGreater blind mole-rat, Species Well-attested Source Greater blind mole-rat (Wikipedia)Leopard, Species Well-attested Source Leopard (Wikipedia)tier 2Long-eared hedgehog, Species Well-attested Source Long-eared hedgehog (Wikipedia)Maca, Species Well-attested Source Plants For A Future: Lepidium meyeniiMarsh Frog, Species Well-attested Source Wikipedia: Marsh Frogtier 2Marsh sandpiper, Species Well-attested Source Marsh sandpiper (Wikipedia)Montagu's harrier, Species Well-attested Source Montagu's harrier (Wikipedia)Przewalski's Horse, Species Well-attested Source Przewalski's Horse (Wikipedia)tier 2Rhubarb, Species Well-attested Source Rheum rhabarbarum (Wikipedia)Robber Fly, Species Well-attested Source AsilidaeRough-legged buzzard, Species Well-attested Source Rough-legged buzzard (Wikipedia)Saiga Antelope, Species Well-attested Source Saiga Antelope (Wikipedia)tier 2Star Moss, Species Well-attested Source Wikipedia: Syntrichia ruralistier 2Steppe Mammoth, Species Well-attested Source Wikidata: Steppe MammothTemminck's Pangolin, Species Well-attested Source Ground pangolin (Wikidata)tier 2Sources1. Steppe (Wikipedia)tier 2WikipediaArticle body, climate paragraph, precipitation sentenceSteppes average 250-500 mm (10-20 in) of annual precipitationArticle body, climate paragraph, temperature extremes sentence (summer figure)Temperature extremes can be recorded in the summer of up to 45 °C (115 °F) and in winter of down to −55 °C (−65 °F).Article body, climate paragraph, temperature extremes sentence (winter figure)Temperature extremes can be recorded in the summer of up to 45 °C (115 °F) and in winter of down to −55 °C (−65 °F).View the SourcePrzewalski's Horse (Wikipedia)tier 2WikipediaHome To: Przewalski's Horse, Wikipedia intro: "golian wild horse or Dzungarian horse, is a rare and endangered wild horse originally native to the steppes of Central Asia. It is named after the Russian geogr..."View the SourceChinese Ephedra (Wikipedia)Home To: Chinese Ephedra, Wikipedia intro: "Mongolia, northern China, and Russia, it is a shrub found on arid highland slopes, dry river beds, steppes, fields or mountain sides. E. sinica contains alkaloi..."View the SourceEphedra Sinica (Wikipedia)Home To: Ephedra Sinica, Wikipedia intro: "Mongolia, northern China, and Russia, it is a shrub found on arid highland slopes, dry river beds, steppes, fields or mountain sides. E. sinica contains alkaloi..."View the SourceWikipedia: Bactrian cameltier 2WikipediaHome To: Bactrian Camel, Wikipedia intro: "n camel, domestic Bactrian camel, two-humped camel or double-humped camel, is a camel native to the steppes of Central Asia. It has two humps on its back, in co..."View the SourceLeopard (Wikipedia)tier 2Wikimedia FoundationHome To: Leopard, Wikipedia 'Leopard': adapted to a variety of habitats ranging from rainforest to steppeView the SourceSaiga Antelope (Wikipedia)tier 2Wikimedia FoundationHome To: Saiga Antelope, Wikipedia 'Saiga antelope': inhabited a vast area of the Eurasian steppeView the SourceGround pangolin (Wikidata)tier 2WikidataHome To: Temminck's Pangolin, IntroductionView the SourceEuropean polecat (Wikidata)tier 2WikidataHome To: European polecat, IntroductionView the SourceCommon pochard (Wikidata)tier 2WikidataHome To: Common pochard, IntroductionView the SourceWikidata: Steppe MammothHome To: Steppe Mammoth, IntroductionView the SourceApis cerana (Wikipedia)Home To: Apis cerana, Distribution and habitatQuote, Home To: Apis cerana, Distribution and habitatApis cerana encompass a wide range of climatic zones including moist tropical rainforests, wet-dry tropical savannas, mid-latitude steppes, dry mid-latitude grasslands, moist continental deciduous forests, and taigas.View the SourceArabian oryx, WikipediaHome To: Arabian Oryx, Lead sectionQuote, Home To: Arabian Oryx, Lead sectionIt is a bovid, and the smallest member of the genus Oryx, native to desert and steppe areas of the Arabian Peninsula.View the SourceArtemisia herba-alba (Wikipedia)Home To: Artemisia herba-alba, Lead sectionQuote, Home To: Artemisia herba-alba, Lead sectionArtemisia herba-alba, the white wormwood, is a perennial shrub in the genus Artemisia that grows commonly on the dry steppes of the Mediterranean regions in Northern Africa (Saharan Maghreb), Western Asia (Arabian Peninsula) and Southwestern Europe.View the SourceEurasian Hoopoe (Wikipedia)tier 2Wikimedia FoundationHome To: Eurasian Hoopoe, Distribution and habitatQuote, Home To: Eurasian Hoopoe, Distribution and habitatThese requirements can be provided in a wide range of ecosystems, and as a consequence the hoopoe inhabits a wide range of habitats such as heathland, wooded steppes, savannas and grasslands, as well as forest glades.View the SourceDhole (Wikipedia)tier 3WikipediaHome To: Dhole, Distribution and habitatQuote, Home To: Dhole, Distribution and habitatThe dholes also once inhabited the alpine steppes extending into Kashmir to the Ladakh area, though they disappeared from 60% of their historic range in India during the past century.View the SourceWikipedia: Crane flytier 2WikipediaHome To: Crane Fly, EcologyQuote, Home To: Crane Fly, EcologyNephrotoma and Tipula larvae are found in dry soils of pasturelands, lawns, and steppe.View the SourceWikipedia: Syntrichia ruralistier 2WikipediaHome To: Star Moss, LeadQuote, Home To: Star Moss, LeadIt grows in tundra, coniferous forest, grassland, sagebrush steppe, and other habitat types.View the SourceWikipedia: Marsh Frogtier 2WikipediaHome To: Marsh Frog, Distribution and habitatQuote, Home To: Marsh Frog, Distribution and habitatMarsh frogs inhabit water bodies in many types types of habitat up to an altitude of 2,500 m (8,200 ft), including forests, grasslands, steppes and even deserts, colonising dry areas via river channels and valleys.View the SourceMontagu's harrier (Wikipedia)Home To: Montagu's harrier, HabitatQuote, Home To: Montagu's harrier, HabitatIt also utilizes heaths, dunes, moors, and can be found in the steppe.View the SourceLong-eared hedgehog (Wikipedia)Home To: Long-eared hedgehog, Distribution and habitatQuote, Home To: Long-eared hedgehog, Distribution and habitatHemiechinus auritus has a range that extends from the eastern Mediterranean region, through the arid and steppe areas of Asia to western Pakistan in the south; and from eastern Ukraine through Mongolia (Gobi desert), to China (Xinjiang).View the SourceEuropean hare (Wikipedia)Home To: European Hare, Distribution and habitatQuote, Home To: European Hare, Distribution and habitatIn its native steppe habitat, European hare populations are spread apart; they average roughly 2 individuals per 100 hectares.View the SourceRough-legged buzzard (Wikipedia)Home To: Rough-legged buzzard, DietQuote, Home To: Rough-legged buzzard, DietDuring winter, shrub-steppe habitats seem to encourage a strong dependence on rabbit prey.View the SourceCommon crane (Wikipedia)Home To: Common crane, HabitatQuote, Home To: Common crane, HabitatBreeding habitat used in Russia are similar, though they can be found nesting in less likely habitat such as steppe and even semi-desert, so long as water is near.View the SourceMarsh sandpiper (Wikipedia)Home To: Marsh sandpiper, LeadQuote, Home To: Marsh sandpiper, LeadIt is a rather small shank, and breeds in open grassy steppe and taiga wetlands from easternmost Europe to the Russian Far East.View the SourceGreater blind mole-rat (Wikipedia)Home To: Greater blind mole-rat, Distribution and habitatQuote, Home To: Greater blind mole-rat, Distribution and habitatThe greater blind mole-rat is known from the steppes of Ukraine and from southern Russia between the Dnieper and the Volga rivers.View the SourceDouglas fir - WikipediaHome To: Douglas Fir, Preferred sitesQuote, Home To: Douglas Fir, Preferred sitesPseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca exhibits even greater plasticity, occurring in stands of interior temperate rainforest in British Columbia, as well as at the edge of semi-arid sagebrush steppe throughout much of its range, where it generates even deeper taproots still.View the SourceAsilidaeHome To: Robber Fly, HabitatQuote, Home To: Robber Fly, HabitatTypical habitats include savannah, forest steppe, open steppe, semidesert, maquis shrubland, and related shrubland types such as fynbos and chaparral.View the SourcePlants For A Future: Matricaria chamomillaPlants For A FutureHome To: German Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla), HabitatsQuote, Home To: German Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla), HabitatsSandy or loamy arable soils in Britain ... Also found on saline steppes in EuropeView the SourcePlants For A Future: Lepidium meyeniiPlants For A FutureHome To: Maca, HabitatsQuote, Home To: Maca, HabitatsBarren steppes, tundra and alpine plains, usually in limestone and clay soils, 3800 - 4800 metresView the SourcePlants For A Future: Anemarrhena asphodeloidesPlants For A FutureHome To: Anemarrhena, HabitatsQuote, Home To: Anemarrhena, HabitatsMountain woodlands ... Exposed slopes and hills ... Scrub, grassy slopes, steppes, sunny and sandy hillsides from near sea level to 1500 metresView the SourceRheum rhabarbarum (Wikipedia)Home To: Rhubarb, DistributionQuote, Home To: Rhubarb, Distributionon the steppesView the SourceTake a Related QuizWorld Biomes in ExtremesIncludes a question about Steppe.Comments (0)No comments yet. Be the first to share a thought.Sign in to join the discussion.Reader Challenges (0)No disputes yet. Spotted an error or a better source? Open the first one.Sign in to dispute this or suggest a correction.